实践记录

2026-01-19

现象记录

1. 关联磁盘突然变成readonly，重启后直接进入emergency mode。根据系统指示查看日志：journalctl -xb。查看具体是哪个硬盘出问题了：systemctl --failed
2. 在/etc/fstab中把出问题的硬盘挂载注释掉，重启进入系统进行排查。
3. sudo lshw -class disk：从硬件层面查看硬件是否存在：不存在系统扫描不到。
4. 进入bios中查看，发现少了一块儿硬盘，拆机通过已有硬盘编号（bios中有显示一部分），并且通过触摸发现一块儿硬盘根本不震动。
5. 硬盘换位，来排除线的问题，进入系统之后，仍然看不到硬盘。
6. 先打开sudo dmesg -w | grep -iE "ata|sd|sata"，并保持状态，然后触发总线扫描for host in /sys/class/scsi_host/host*/scan; do echo "- - -" | sudo tee $host; done，扫描完之后dmesg的窗口中会有信息：

   [ 403.900822] ata1: SATA link up 6.0 Gbps (SStatus 133 SControl 300)  
   [ 403.901435] ata1.00: failed to IDENTIFY (INIT_DEV_PARAMS failed, err_mask=0x80)  
   [ 409.372994] ata1: SATA link up 6.0 Gbps (SStatus 133 SControl 300)  
   [ 409.373615] ata1.00: failed to IDENTIFY (INIT_DEV_PARAMS failed, err_mask=0x80)  
   [ 409.373622] ata1: limiting SATA link speed to 3.0 Gbps  
   [ 414.749182] ata1: SATA link up 3.0 Gbps (SStatus 123 SControl 320)  
   [ 414.749805] ata1.00: failed to IDENTIFY (INIT_DEV_PARAMS failed, err_mask=0x80)  
   [ 420.125114] ata1: SATA link up 3.0 Gbps (SStatus 123 SControl 320)  
   [ 420.453362] ata2: SATA link down (SStatus 4 SControl 300)  
   [ 420.898095] ata3: SATA link up 6.0 Gbps (SStatus 133 SControl 300)  
   [ 420.987875] ata3.00: configured for UDMA/133  
   [ 421.313389] ata4: SATA link up 6.0 Gbps (SStatus 133 SControl 300)  
   [ 421.400339] ata4.00: configured for UDMA/133  
   [ 421.725079] ata5: SATA link down (SStatus 4 SControl 300)  
   [ 422.045317] ata6: SATA link up 6.0 Gbps (SStatus 133 SControl 300)  
   [ 422.061978] ata6.00: configured for UDMA/133

7. 基本确定硬盘G了。